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Romania Mini Guide Source: World Travel Guide
Overview
Romania is the largest of the Balkan states, sitting at the crossroads of Europe, whose nationals are proud of being ‘an island of Latinos’ in a ‘sea of slavs'. The country has seen several empires come and go - Roman, Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian, all leaving their legacy.
Romania has a rich cultural and natural diversity. Its dramatic mountain scenery includes the densely forested Carpathian Mountains, the Danube Delta (the largest wetland in Europe) and 70km (43 miles) of fine white sandy beaches on the Black Sea Coast.
In picturesque valleys and on mountain slopes are many health and winter resorts. Romania's cultural heritage can be experienced in the Saxon towns of Transylvania, also home to Bran Castle, of Dracula fame, the painted monasteries of Bucovina and the rural village idyll of Maramures.
The capital, Bucharest, earned the nickname ‘Paris of the Balkans', but it is the stunning medieval city of Sibiu in Transylvania that was crowned European Capital of Culture 2007.
Since the overthrow of Nicolae Ceausescu's communist dictatorship in 1989, Romania has been working towards the twin goals of gaining admission to NATO, which it joined in 2004, and the European Union, which it achieved in January 2007, behind some of its neighbours.
Passport/Visa
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Passport Required? |
|
British |
Yes |
|
Australian |
Yes |
|
Canadian |
Yes |
|
USA |
Yes |
|
Other EU |
1 |
|
Visa Required? |
|
British |
No |
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Australian |
No/2 |
|
Canadian |
No/2 |
|
USA |
No/2 |
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Other EU |
No |
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Return Ticket Required? |
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British |
No |
|
Australian |
Yes |
|
Canadian |
Yes |
|
USA |
Yes |
|
Other EU |
No |
Passports
Passport valid for at least three months beyond length of stay required by all nationals referred to in the chart above except: (a) 1. EU nationals holding a valid national ID card.
Visas
Not required by all nationals referred to in the chart above for the following lengths of visit: (a) nationals of EU countries for a three-month period (those intending to stay for a longer period than three months must apply for a registration certificate issued by the Romanian Authority for Aliens); (b) 2. nationals of Australia, Canada and the USA for touristic stays of up to three months.
Visa Note
Nationals not referred to in the chart above are advised to contact the embassy to check visa requirements (see Contact Addresses).
Money
Currency
New Leu (RON; symbol (plural) Lei) = 100 bani. Notes are in denominations of Lei500, 100, 50, 10, 5 and 1. Coins are in denominations of Bani50, 10, 5 and 1. (Old notes were in denominations of Lei1,000,000, 500,000, 100,000, 50,000 and 10,000 and coins in denominations of Lei5,000, 1,000, 500 and 100.)
Note: As of December 2006, the old Leu is no longer legal tender. Previously coded as ROL, it has been redenominated so that Lei10,000 are exchanged for 1 new Leu (RON).
Currency Exchange
It is recommended that visitors bring Euros, as these can be easily exchanged by shops, restaurants and hotels. Pounds Sterling can be easily exchanged in most resorts. All hard foreign currencies can be exchanged at banks, larger hotels and airports and at authorised exchange offices (Birou de Schimb Valutar). Rates can vary from one place to another, so visitors are advised to shop around for the best rate of exchange. Exchanges on the black market are made frequently, but visitors are advised to exchange money through proper exchange channels and to receive a currency exchange receipt, as certain services require visitors to show the receipt as proof of having made at least one financial transaction.
Credit/Debit Cards and ATMs
The use of credit cards is growing. American Express, Diners Club, MasterCard and Visa are accepted by large hotels, car hire firms and some restaurants and shops. ATMs (bancomat) accepting MasterCard and Visa can be found in main banks, airports and shopping centres but should not be relied upon as a sole source of cash.
Traveller's Cheques
Like credit and debit cards, these are usually only useful in hotels and for obtaining cash at the bank or selected exchange offices. To avoid additional exchange rate charges, travellers are advised to take traveller's cheques in US Dollars or Euros.
Currency Restrictions
Restrictions apply.
Banking Hours
Mon-Fri 0900-1300.
Health
Vaccinations
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Special Precautions |
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Diphtheria |
Yes |
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Hepatitis A |
Yes |
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Malaria |
No |
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Rabies |
Sometimes* |
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Tetanus |
Yes |
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Typhoid |
Yes |
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Yellow Fever |
No |
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Inoculation regulations can change at short notice. Please take medical advice in the case of doubt. Where 'Sometimes' appears in the table above, precautions may be required, depending on the season and region visited. |
* Vaccination advised for those at high risk or visiting rural areas.
Food and Drink
Mains water is normally chlorinated, and whilst relatively safe, may cause abdominal upsets; bottled water is available. Milk is pasteurised and dairy products are safe for consumption. Local meat, poultry, seafood, fruit and vegetables are generally considered safe to eat.
Other Risks
Hepatitis C and tuberculosis occur and hepatitis B is endemic. Stray dogs may carry the tick-borne African typhus disease and rabies is also present. If bitten, seek medical advice without delay. There have been confirmed outbreaks of avian influenza (bird flu) in the Danube Delta, Transylvania and Bucharest. The Romanian authorities have taken measures to contain the outbreaks and no human infections or deaths have been reported.
Health Care
Medical facilities in Romania are poor and there is a serious shortage of basic medical supplies and qualified personnel. European travellers carrying the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) are entitled to free or reduced cost medical care. Nationals of countries who do not have a reciprocal health agreement with Romania are expected to pay immediate cash for health services. Health insurance is strongly advised.
Getting There
Getting There by Air
The national airline is Tarom (RO) (website: www.tarom.ro). Delta (website: www.delta.com) flies direct from New York to Bucharest.
Approximate Flight Times
From London to Bucharest is 3 hours 20 minutes; from New York is 10 hours.
Main Airports
Bucharest (OTP) (Henri Coanda) (website: www.otp-airport.ro) is 16km (10 miles) north of the city. To/from the airport: An express bus service operates to the city (journey time - 45 minutes). Taxis, minibuses and limousines are available 24 hours (journey time - 25 minutes). Facilities: Bar, snack bar, restaurant, left luggage, first aid, post office, bank, bureau de change, ATM, car hire, duty-free, information office and business lounge.
There are also international airports at Arad (ARW), Cluj (CLJ) (website: www.airportcluj.ro), Constanta (CND) (Mihail Kogalniceanu), Sibiu (SBZ) and Timisoara (TSR) (website: aerotim.ro).
Departure Tax
None.
Getting There by Water
Main port: Constanta (website: www.constantza-port.ro) on the Black Sea.
Sea ferries: Not running at present. Contact the Romanian National Tourist Office for up-to-date information (see Contact Addresses).
River cruises: Sailings from Passau to Constanta on the Black Sea along the Danube are available; these stop at various places of interest, including Vienna, Bratislava, Budapest, Bazias, Giurgiu, Calafat and Bucharest. The cruises incorporate varied itineraries: historic towns, museums, art collections, monasteries, spas, archaeological sites, folk evenings, nature reserves and of course, the dramatic scenery of Eastern Europe, including the ‘Iron Gate' through the Carpathians. Some companies offer travel via the Main-Danube Canal as far west as Rotterdam along the Rhine. For further information, contact the Romanian National Tourist Office.
Getting There by Rail
CFR (tel: (21) 319 9539 ext 134 563; website: www.cfr.ro/calatori) operates services from many European cities to Bucharest. First and second class sleepers are available. The Wiener Waltzer takes around 20 hours from Basel to Bucharest, operating in summer only (June to September). There are sleeping cars from Vienna to both Bucharest and Constanta on the Black Sea coast. There are also through trains from other Eastern European cities.
Rail Passes
InterRail: offers unlimited first- or second-class travel in up to 30 European countries for European residents of over six months with two pass options. The Global Pass allows travel for 22 days, one month, five days in 10 days or 10 days in 22 days across all countries. The One-Country Pass offers travel for three, four, six or eight days in one month in any of the countries except Bosnia-Herzegovina and Montenegro. Travel is not allowed in the passenger's country of residence. Travellers under 26 years receive a reduction. Children's tickets are reduced by about 50%. Supplements are required for some high-speed services, seat reservations and couchettes. Discounts are offered on Eurostar and some ferry routes. Available from Rail Europe (website: www.raileurope.co.uk/inter-rail).
Balkan Flexipass: allows five, 10 or 15 days of first class travel for one month across Bulgaria, Greece, Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia and Turkey. Available from Railpass.com (website: www.railpass.com).
Getting There by Road
Border crossing between Romania and its western neighbours is just a formality. At the border, drivers need to show vehicle registration, proof of insurance and a driving licence for their home country. Insurance can be bought at any border crossing point. The most direct international routes to Romania are via Austria, Germany and Hungary. The best route from Hungary is the E64 from Budapest to Szeged through Arad, Brasov, Campina and Ploiesti. There is also a route from Szeged to Timisoara. A more frequently used route from Hungary to Germany is via the E60 through Oradea.
Coach: Eurolines (tel: 0870 580 8080, in the UK; website: www.eurolines.com) runs regular coach services from other European cities to Romania. Travellers can buy 15- and 30-day passes.
Climate
Summer temperatures are moderated on the coast by sea breezes while inland at sea level it is hot. Winters are coldest in the Carpathian Mountains where there is snow from December through to April. Snow also falls throughout most of the country. Winters are mildest on the coast.
Required Clothing
Lightweights are worn in summer on the coast and in low inland areas. Warmer clothes are needed in winter and throughout the year in the uplands. Rainwear is recommended throughout the year.
Contacts
Embassy of Romania in the UK
Arundel House, 4 Palace Green, London W8 4QD, UK Tel: (020) 7937 9666. Website: http://londra.mae.ro Opening hours: Mon-Fri 0900-1700. Consular section: MEIC House, 344 Kensington High Street, London W14 8NS, UK Tel: (020) 7602 9777 or 9662. Opening hours: Mon-Thurs 1000-1300.
Romanian National Tourist Office in the UK
22 New Cavendish Street, London W1M 7LH, UK Tel: (020) 7224 3692. Website: www.romaniatourism.com
Embassy of Romania in the USA
1607 23rd Street, NW, Washington, DC 20008, USA Tel: (202) 332 4846 or 2879 (consular section). Website: www.roembus.org
Romanian National Tourist Office in the USA
355 Lexington Avenue, 19th Floor, New York, NY 10017, USA Tel: (212) 545 8484. Website: www.romaniatourism.com
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